
Joan Tronto later added a fifth phase to those four: caring with. Care stops being something one person does for another and becomes something a whole society has to arrange — so that people can count on care being there over time, on terms that are just and equal for everyone. The trust that builds is what she means by solidarity. Read into care providers, that says portability should be positive-sum: when you change provider, you should receive more care in total, not vindictiveness from an old caretaker who refuses to let go.